Prašiči

Vpliv taninov na žleze slinavke pri merjaščkih

lukam — Mon, 21 Nov 2022 07:45:15 +0000

Influence of tannin dietary inclusion on boar salivary glands lukam Mon, 11/21/2022 - 08:57 Inštitut za predklinične vede Prašiči Prehranski dodatki tanini podušesna slinska žleza imunohistokemija histologija Research

Salivary gland adaptation to dietary inclusion of hydrolysable tannins in boars.

Tannins have traditionally been avoided in animal nutrition due to their anti-nutritive effects however, recent studies have reported beneficial antimutagenic, anticancerogenic, antidiarrheal and antiulcerogenic effects of tannins on animals. In a comprehensive study investigating the effect of dietary tannins in feed on boar taint in entire males, a significant enlargement of the parotid salivary gland (parotidomegaly) was observed. In contrast, mass of the mandibular glands showed no significant changes between the experimental groups. Pigs were divided into four groups: control group (T0) and three experimental groups fed with 1% (T1), 2% (T2) or 3% (T3) of tannins. In our study, we have performed a histological analysis of salivary glands to determine the morphological and immunohistochemical properties leading to parotidomegaly. We have observed the enlargement of acinar area and of the nucleus to cytoplasm ratio in the serous cells in T3 group. Moreover, we have observed a linear trend towards enlargement of lobular area, acinar area and the number of ducts per lobule in all three experimental groups. Additionally, by immunohistochemistry, using antibodies against acid and basic proline rich proteins (PRPs), we have shown significantly higher amounts of PRPs in parotid glands of pigs fed with high tannin concentrations (T3 group). Consistent with the effect of tannins on mandibular gland mass, we did not detect any significant morphological changes. Therefore, the results of our study demonstrate the importance of increased functional activity of the parotid salivary glands as the first and most important line of defence against high dietary tannin concentrations and their potential negative effects.

Authors: Maša Mavri, Marjeta Čandek-Potokar, Gregor Fazarinc, Martin Škrlep, Catrin S. Rutland, Božidar Potočnik, Nina Batorek-Lukač in Valentina Kubale.

Original article published in https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/17/2171/pdf?version=1661342653

Imunokastracija odraslih merjascev

lukam — Thu, 28 Jul 2022 05:14:09 +0000

Immunocastration in adult boars lukam Thu, 07/28/2022 - 07:20 Inštitut za predklinične vede Prašiči imunokastracija protitelesa proti GnRH morfometrija mod qPCR Research

Immunocastration in adult boars as a model for late-onset hypogonadism.

While immunocastration has been studied in male pre-pubertal pigs, data on older, sexually mature animals are limited. To understand the physiological effects of androgen deprivation in the late sexual development phase, we compared mature immunocastrated boars (n = 19) to young male immunocastrated pigs (n = 6) and young entire males (n = 6) as positive and negative controls, respectively. We hypothesized that the timing of gonadotropin-releasing hormone suppression (early or late sexual development phases) influences the extent of reproductive function inhibition, histological structure of testicular tissue, and expression levels of selected genes related to steroid metabolism. Antibody titer, hormonal status, and histomorphometric analysis of testicular tissue were subjected to principal component analysis followed by hierarchical clustering. In mature post-pubertal boars immunocastration resulted in progressive but variable regression of testicular function. We hypothesize that this is due to local activation of the GnRH2-GnRHR2 system in the testes, which is independent of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Further research is needed to undoubtedly confirm this hypothesis.

This study contributes significantly to the understanding of the effects of immunocastration in adult boars at physiological and cellular levels, while serving as an animal model for late hypogonadism in translational medicine. We have also identified parameters that could be used to evaluate the success of immunocastration in boars.

Authors: dr. Nina Batorek Lukač, dr. Kevin Kress, dr. Marjeta Čandek-Potokar, dr. Gregor Fazarinc, dr. Martin Škrlep, Klavdija Poklukar, dr. Raffael Wesoly, dr. Volker Stefanski in dr. Milka Vrecl

Original article published in: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/andr.13219

Farmakokinetika karprofena pri anesteziranih prašičih

lukam — Fri, 05 Feb 2021 08:24:25 +0000

Pharmacokinetics of carprofen in anaesthetized pigs lukam Fri, 02/05/2021 - 09:29 Small Animal Clinic Karprofen Farmakokinetika Prašiči Research

The pig is a common research model for translational medicine. From an animal welfare perspective and given the number of experimental pigs used worldwide, it is surprising that the pharmacokinetics of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug carprofen have not been published to date.

We investigated the pharmacokinetics of carprofen after single intravenous and multiple oral doses administered to pigs undergoing electroporation of pancreas. Carprofen had a rapid distribution and a slower elimination phase. The volume of distribution was small, mainly because of the negligible distribution of carprofen from plasma to other tissues.

Pigs showed no signs of pain or distress postoperatively. Because other analgesic drugs were also used as part of the anaesthetic and analgesic protocol, it was not possible to determine the effect of carprofen alone on the severity of pain.

We are proud, that the Editor of Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia honoured our article to be one of the Editors’ choice articles in 2021.

Authors: Maša Bošnjak, Mojca Kržan, Urša Lampreht Tratar, Jožica Dolenc, Maja Čemažar, Alenka Seliškar

The authors acknowledge financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency (P4-0053, P4-0092, P3-0003, P3-0067). The article was published in January 2021 in Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia